The transplant may be affected by numerous processes that culminate in scarring of all compartments of the kidney. These changes were previously referred to as chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN), to convey the presence of scarring from any cause. In 2005, the Banff working group of transplant pathology introduced the term interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy (IF/TA), to emphasize that no etiology is assigned when this diagnosis is made. Patients may be of any age. IF/TA typically develops months or even years after transplantation.