Smoking is the leading modifiable cause of morbidity and mortality in the general population. In the United States, about 40 million adults currently smoke, for an estimated prevalence of 16.8% in 2014.1 Cigarette smoking is considered responsible for about 480,000 deaths per year in the United States, with millions more experiencing smoking-related diseases.2 The annual direct cost to the US health care system associated with smoking amounts to more than $170 billion, with >60% of this enormous spending paid by government-funded programs such as Medicare and Medicaid.