Definitive evidence of a benefit of β-blockers in the general population exists for patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction1 and in the immediate period after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).2,3 Evidence regarding the benefits of long-term β-blocker therapy in ischemic heart disease is surprisingly sparse, consisting of observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) performed more than 25 years ago, before the widespread use of percutaneous coronary interventions and contemporary pharmacotherapy with antiplatelet agents and statins.