High-Energy Low-Protein Formula Plus Low-Protein Diet Improves Subjective Global Assessment-Defined Nutritional Status in Nondialysis Chronic Kidney Disease: An Open-Label Randomized Trial
Protein-energy wasting is common in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and maintaining adequate energy intake while counseling patients toward a low-protein diet remains challenging. We evaluated whether adding a kidney-specific, high-energy low-protein formula containing free amino acids, dietary fiber, vitamins, and minerals to dietitian-led counseling improved nutritional status in nondialysis CKD stages 3-5.



