Bone loss and increased fracture risk are well-recognized complications following kidney transplantation. Their pathogenesis is multifactorial, influenced by pre-existing chronic kidney disease (CKD)–mineral and bone disorder, post-transplant graft function, and the immunosuppressive regimen.1 Therefore, new investigations aimed at preventing and treating this complication are greatly needed. In this issue of AJKD, Ziolkowski et al2 examined the relationships among body composition, corticosteroid use, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels with bone outcomes assessed by peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) following kidney transplantation.