Authors: Cupisti A, D'Alessandro C, Samoni S, Meola M, Egidi MF
Abstract
A definite epidemiological association exists between kidney stone disease and arterial hypertension, but the pathophysiological mechanisms are still not fully understood. Hypercalciuria or inflammation and oxidative stress have been proposed as possible links. However, there is more convincing evidence that the association between nephrolithiasis and hypertension may be considered as a part of the association between kidney stone disease, metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis. From a clinical point of view, this association represents a crucial aspect of the clinical management of patients affected by kidney stone disease. In order to implement early prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and/or renal da...