Why Symptom Burden in Non-Dialysis CKD Matters

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is largely considered asymptomatic until more advanced stages of kidney dysfunction.1 Thus, research on symptom burden in CKD has mainly focused on end-stage kidney disease.2 However, accumulating evidence suggests that individuals already experience burdensome physical symptoms in early stages, long before requiring kidney replacement therapy. Burdensome symptoms affect 7 out of 10 individuals in early stages of CKD.3 Despite its prevalence, subjective symptom burden is largely under-researched in non-dialysis CKD (ND-CKD).