Kidney stone disease (KSD) is highly prevalent worldwide—approximately 1 in 10 individuals are affected during their lifetime—and rates are growing worldwide.1 In the United States, NHANES data document a 70% increase in prevalence of nephrolithiasis over the last 20 years.2 KSD is tremendously costly, in terms of both morbidity and time lost from work, as well as in terms of direct costs of more than $10 billion per year. With population growth, climate change, and increasing prevalence of comorbid diseases associated with stone formation such as obesity and diabetes, current projections anticipate costs attributable to KSD to rise by $1.24 billion/year by 2030.