Inflammation and nutrition have been recognized in predicting mortality in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD). Serum neutrophils and albumin are crucial factors in inflammation and nutrition status. Up till now, the synergistic effect of neutrophil and albumin on mortality prediction in PD patients is still being determined. Our study sought to assess the effect of the interaction between neutrophils and albumin on the risk of all-cause mortality and CVD mortality in PD patients.