Sex hormones may play an important role in the kidney.1,2 Shorter duration of a woman’s reproductive lifespan, or the time from menarche to menopause, has been associated with cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease (CKD).3,4 We have recently demonstrated that women with bilateral oophorectomy before the natural age of menopause are at an increased risk of CKD.5 Pregnancy also causes significant physiologic changes in kidney function, including hypertrophy, hyperfiltration, and proteinuria, though it is not clear if these changes persist.