Race, Ancestry, and Genetic Risk for Kidney Failure
Racial and ethnic disparities in chronic kidney disease (CKD), up to and including kidney failure, have been well documented in the United States and globally.1,2 There are myriad factors underlying these observations, including race-based inequities in the distribution of health-affirming resources and opportunities (eg, structural racism),3 the cumulative burden of psychological and neurohormonal stress termed “weathering,”4 and more, that contribute to the development and/or progression of major CKD risk factors (hypertension and diabetes), CKD, cardiovascular disease, and other chronic diseases.