Diversity in Studies Developing Kidney Function Estimating Equations: Improving Representation, Interpretation, and Utility of Clinical Research

Efforts to reassess the inclusion of race in kidney function estimating equations led to momentous action that included a National Kidney Foundation and American Society of Nephrology Task Force recommendation for a unifying approach to the estimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) through the implementation of the CKD-EPI creatinine and creatinine–cystatin C equations refit without the race variable in a population with 30%-40% Black persons.1-4 Compared to the Cockcroft-Gault formula, a major strength of modern estimating equations, including the Modification of Diet and Renal Disease (MDRD) Study and 2009 CKD-EPI creatinine (herein CKD-EPI2009) equations, is improved diversity of the study populations.