Association of Cardiovascular Health Measures With Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality in CKD: A UK Biobank Study

CKD is a serious global public health issue associated with high morbidity and mortality.1 In 2010, the American Heart Association developed Life’s Simple 7 (LS7), a composite score including 4 lifestyle factors (smoking, BMI, diet, physical activity) and 3 metabolic factors (cholesterol level, BP, and glycemic status) to reflect cardiovascular health.2 Several studies have shown that adherence to combined lifestyle factors may reduce the risk of CVD and mortality among patients with CKD3-5; however, evidence regarding associations of LS7 score with future cardiovascular outcomes and mortality among patients with CKD is scarce.