Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and albuminuria are the anchors for chronic kidney disease (CKD) diagnosis, staging, and management. Increasing evidence, including articles in this issue of AJKD from Inker et al1 and Neuen et al,2 support changes in GFR and albuminuria as surrogate outcomes for kidney failure in clinical trials. In this editorial, we summarize the new evidence presented in these articles. We then discuss why measures of change can be powerful surrogate outcomes in clinical trials but less informative in clinical care of individual patients.