Approximately 850 million adults in the world are estimated to have chronic kidney disease (CKD).1 Surveys suggest that about 10.4% of men and 11.8% of women worldwide have CKD.2 For the vast majority of these individuals, the severity of their CKD does not require renal replacement therapy (RRT); i.e., maintenance hemodialysis (MHD), chronic peritoneal dialysis (CPD), or kidney transplantation. However, the number of individuals requiring RRT is not small. In 2010, it was estimated that approximately 2.6 million people in the world were undergoing RRT.